The Toolkit on Universal Access funding and USF Implementation aims at providing guidance on how to approach these alternative and often complementary funding mechanisms, with relevant references, samples and examples. Access to advancedICT services includes a wider range of players and financiers. This requires that the institutional framework, governance, and capacity of Universal Service and Access Funds are up to the new challenges, and that other financing mechanisms are able to play a role in funding universal access whilst upholding the tenets of liberalization and respecting the principles of competitive markets.
